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Barbell Technique Training: Training Percentage Change Muscle Involvement

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Kenny Croxdale

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Technique Training

When it comes to developing technique in a 1 Repetition Max Effort Movement, the technique is optimally developed by...

1) Performing Single Reps

and.,,

2) Training Loads of 85% plus of 1 Repetition Max.

Russian Olympic Lifter's 1 Repetition Max Training

The Russian's based their training loads on their Competition 1 Repetition Max.

The Bulgarian Olympic Lifter 1 Repetition Max Training

The Bulgarian's based their 1 Repetition Max off their Training Max in the gym; much lighter than their Competition Max.

What That Means

That meant the Russian's Training Percentages were lower than the Bulgarian's.

That because a 1RM Competition Max is always higher than a 1RM Training Max. If it isn't, something wrong.

Thus, the what you base your 1RM on (Competition or Training Max) determine if you use a higher or lower Training Percentage.

One of the reason for performing Technique Training with higher percentages has to do with...

Muscle Involvement

As the Training Percentage (Load) changes in a movement, so does the muscle involvement.

Dr Tom McLaughlin's Research

McLaughlin's research determined the muscle firing sequence, as well as well muscle involvement changes dependent on the Training Percentage/Load.


This research further demonstrate that different Training Percentages (Loads) in a movement change the muscle involvement...

"While doing the bench press at a 100% 1RM load, the pectoralis major changes from being the prime mover to being the supportive prime mover. At the same time, the role of the prime mover is taken on by the deltoideus anterior. The triceps brachii, in particular, clearly shows a greater involvement."


Technique Development with Lower Training Percentages

The use of Lower Training Percentages (let's say around 70% of 1RM) provide some Technique Development; however, are not as effective as the use of Higher Training Percentage (Loads).

Summary

1) Training Percentages need to be taken into consideration when training a competitive lift.

2) For the general training purposes, individual will find that the development of the group of muscles in a movement can be altered/trained to a greater degree by varying the Training Percentage/Load.
 
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The use of Lower Training Percentages (let's say around 70% of 1RM) provide some Technique Development; however, are not as effective as the use of Higher Training Percentage (Loads).

Summary

1) Training Percentages need to be taken into consideration when training a competitive lift.

2) For the general training purposes, individual will find that the development of the group of muscles in a movement can be altered/trained to a greater degree by varying the Training Percentage/Load.
I hate to say 'it depends', but it depends.

I mean, sure, working on your squat technique with a dowel or the empty bar when you're an experienced PLer who can squat 500+lbs is probably a waste of time, but there are a lot of things to consider before making the blanket statement that technique work needs to be at 85% of 1RM to be effective.
 
...there are a lot of things to consider before making the blanket statement that technique work needs to be at 85% of 1RM to be effective.

Specific Statement

The use of loads of 85% is a specific for optimizing Technique in a movement.

The post above provide the reasons as to why.

I provide information based on the research.

What you chose to believe and do with it is up to you.
 
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