Kenny Croxdale
Level 7 Valued Member
EFFECT OF COFFEE AND CAFFEINE INGESTION ON RESISTANCE EXERCISE PERFORMANCE
DARREN L. RICHARDSON AND NEIL D. CLARKE Department of Applied Sciences and Health, Faculty Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
Definitions of Acronyms
Below references the acronyms meanings in the article.
Caffeinated Coffee (COF)
Decaffeinated Coffee (DEC),
Decaffeinated Coffee Plus Anhydrous Caffeine (D + C),
Anhydrous Caffeine (CAF),
Placebo (PLA)
DISCUSSION
The major finding of the present study is that both COF and D + C can significantly improve performance in a resistance exercise protocol. Furthermore, total weight lifted in the squat protocol was significantly greater during the D + C condition... ...The findings of Trexler (37) support the present study in that coffee is able to improve resistance exercise performance and also implies that coffee could potentially impact maximal strength during lower limb exercise to a greater extent than anhydrous caffeine.
The effects of COF and D + C were less pronounced during the bench press protocol .... Timmins and Saunders (36) suggested that the effect of caffeine may be dependent on the muscle group size and consequently, the number of adenosine receptors, which may partially explain the contrasting results between squat and bench press.
Previously, Graham et al. (20) observed that 4.45 mg/kg-1 of anhydrous caffeine significantly improved exhaustion running time at 85% of maximal oxygen consumption, and both dose-matched COF and D + C did not. However, more recently Hodgson et al. (21) reported that time trial performance improved by similar magnitudes when supplementing with CAF or COF.
... different water temperatures and delivery vehicles affected the bioavailability of caffeine. Furthermore, it may have been possible that absorption of caffeine via the buccal cavity may have taken place in the coffee-containing trials. Liguori et al. (28) reported that peak saliva caffeine levels of coffee consumption appeared to be greater and occurred faster than those of caffeine capsules (42 and 67 minutes, respectively). This may mean that an hour was not sufficient to allow the same plasma concentrations to be achieved from the caffeine capsules in the present study. In support of this, Vanderveen et al. (38) suggested that the bioavailability of caffeine from capsules and tablets may be less than when caffeine is consumed in oral liquids. Additionally, the caffeine in the CAF trial was contained in capsules, but the coffee trials were consumed with 600 ml of hot water, meaning there may have been some absorption of caffeine through the buccal cavity because this is the suggested mechanism of how caffeine from chewing gum is absorbed faster than orally ingested caffeine capsules (24).
... the temperature at which caffeine is consumed is suggested to determine its bioavailability (10), ...
In conclusion, COF and D + C improved resistance exercise performance, and therefore, coffee... an inexpensive alternative to caffeine ingestion before resistance exercise.
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
The practical implications of the present study are that the ingestion of caffeinated coffee, providing 5 mg/kg-1 of caffeine (approximately 2 large cups, i.e., 300 ml per cup) before resistance exercise, can enhance performance.
In the present study, the amount of caffeine from coffee used was 5 mg/kg-1,
Based On Research
1) Coffee/Caffeine prior to training increases performance.
2) Coffee combined with Anhydrous Caffeine (Caffeine Tablets) in a regular cup of Caffeinated Coffee (COF) as well as a cup of Decaffeinated Coffee Plus Anhydrous Caffeine (D + C) provides a synergistic effect; elicitis a greater training response.
Based on this research, Caffeine Tablets that are dissolved in hot coffee and consumed in a liquid form are transported more effectively.
3) Caffeine intake of between 3 - 5 gram per kilo of body weight are the most effective for healthy individuals.
DARREN L. RICHARDSON AND NEIL D. CLARKE Department of Applied Sciences and Health, Faculty Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
Definitions of Acronyms
Below references the acronyms meanings in the article.
Caffeinated Coffee (COF)
Decaffeinated Coffee (DEC),
Decaffeinated Coffee Plus Anhydrous Caffeine (D + C),
Anhydrous Caffeine (CAF),
Placebo (PLA)
DISCUSSION
The major finding of the present study is that both COF and D + C can significantly improve performance in a resistance exercise protocol. Furthermore, total weight lifted in the squat protocol was significantly greater during the D + C condition... ...The findings of Trexler (37) support the present study in that coffee is able to improve resistance exercise performance and also implies that coffee could potentially impact maximal strength during lower limb exercise to a greater extent than anhydrous caffeine.
The effects of COF and D + C were less pronounced during the bench press protocol .... Timmins and Saunders (36) suggested that the effect of caffeine may be dependent on the muscle group size and consequently, the number of adenosine receptors, which may partially explain the contrasting results between squat and bench press.
Previously, Graham et al. (20) observed that 4.45 mg/kg-1 of anhydrous caffeine significantly improved exhaustion running time at 85% of maximal oxygen consumption, and both dose-matched COF and D + C did not. However, more recently Hodgson et al. (21) reported that time trial performance improved by similar magnitudes when supplementing with CAF or COF.
... different water temperatures and delivery vehicles affected the bioavailability of caffeine. Furthermore, it may have been possible that absorption of caffeine via the buccal cavity may have taken place in the coffee-containing trials. Liguori et al. (28) reported that peak saliva caffeine levels of coffee consumption appeared to be greater and occurred faster than those of caffeine capsules (42 and 67 minutes, respectively). This may mean that an hour was not sufficient to allow the same plasma concentrations to be achieved from the caffeine capsules in the present study. In support of this, Vanderveen et al. (38) suggested that the bioavailability of caffeine from capsules and tablets may be less than when caffeine is consumed in oral liquids. Additionally, the caffeine in the CAF trial was contained in capsules, but the coffee trials were consumed with 600 ml of hot water, meaning there may have been some absorption of caffeine through the buccal cavity because this is the suggested mechanism of how caffeine from chewing gum is absorbed faster than orally ingested caffeine capsules (24).
... the temperature at which caffeine is consumed is suggested to determine its bioavailability (10), ...
In conclusion, COF and D + C improved resistance exercise performance, and therefore, coffee... an inexpensive alternative to caffeine ingestion before resistance exercise.
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
The practical implications of the present study are that the ingestion of caffeinated coffee, providing 5 mg/kg-1 of caffeine (approximately 2 large cups, i.e., 300 ml per cup) before resistance exercise, can enhance performance.
In the present study, the amount of caffeine from coffee used was 5 mg/kg-1,
Based On Research
1) Coffee/Caffeine prior to training increases performance.
2) Coffee combined with Anhydrous Caffeine (Caffeine Tablets) in a regular cup of Caffeinated Coffee (COF) as well as a cup of Decaffeinated Coffee Plus Anhydrous Caffeine (D + C) provides a synergistic effect; elicitis a greater training response.
Based on this research, Caffeine Tablets that are dissolved in hot coffee and consumed in a liquid form are transported more effectively.
3) Caffeine intake of between 3 - 5 gram per kilo of body weight are the most effective for healthy individuals.
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